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991.
992.
993.
Distinguishing the effects of climate on discharge in a tropical river highly impacted by large dams
Abstract The hydrological regime of a river is defined by variables or representative curves that in turn have characteristics related to fluctuations in flow rates resulting from climate variability. Distinguishing between the causes of streamflow variations, i.e. those resulting from human intervention in the watershed and those due to climate variability, is not trivial. To discriminate the alterations resulting from climate variation from those due to regulation by dams, a reference hydrological regime was established using the classification of events based on mean annual streamflow anomalies and inferred climatic conditions. The applicability of this approach was demonstrated by analysis of the streamflow duration curves. An assessment of the hydrological regime in the lower reaches of the São Francisco River, Brazil, after the implementation of hydropower plants showed that the operation of the dams has been responsible for 59% of the hydrological changes, while the climate (in driest conditions) has contributed to 41% of the total changes. Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz Citation Genz, F. and Luz, L.D., 2012. Distinguishing the effects of climate on discharge in a tropical river highly impacted by large dams. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (5), 1020–1034. 相似文献
994.
本文利用云南地区永胜台观测的地磁南北和东西分量开展舒曼谐振的背景变化特征分析.通过提取舒曼谐振各阶频率和功率谱密度的小时均值,分析了前三阶舒曼谐振频率和功率谱密度在分点和至点前后的周日变化特征.舒曼谐振功率谱密度的周日变化与亚洲、非洲和美洲三大闪电活动中心的活跃时段以及观测站相对于三大闪电活动中心的方位密切相关.舒曼谐振频率的周日变化特征更复杂.各阶功率谱密度和频率在夏至和秋分前后的变化幅度比春分和冬至前后大.从2011年舒曼谐振频率和功率谱密度日中值的年变化图中发现,谐振频率随季节变化的特征不明显,而功率谱密度的年度变化曲线呈半周期正弦波形态,以7月份为轴对称分布.功率谱密度的季节变化特征与闪电活动的季节变化特征相一致.南北和东西分量得到的前三阶谐振频率,第一阶约稳定在7.5 Hz.而随着阶数增加,南北分量得到的谐振频率比东西分量约大0.5 Hz.高阶谐振频率发生偏移的原因目前还不清楚. 相似文献
995.
ABSTRACTThe article discusses the range and course of changes in the thermal regime of 14 rivers in Poland over the period 1961–2010. Eleven rivers are located in the Central European Plain, and the others flow in the foothills of the Carpathians Mountains. Statistical analyses take into consideration the results of daily measurements of water temperature carried out at 16 hydrological stations by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute. In the first part of the analysed period (1961–1986) water temperature in most rivers declined in relation to its mean value for the entire study period (1961–2010). In 1987 there was a reverse trend: the temperature started rising. The fastest increase in water temperature was recorded in the western part of the study area, and it became slower towards the east. In the southern part of the study area (the foothills) changes of that kind were not observed. The mean yearly temperature of fluvial waters in the Central European Plain showed a positive trend, ranging from 0.17 to 0.27°C (10 years)-1, whereas it did not change in the rivers in the foothills of the Carpathians Mountains. Its fastest rise was recorded in spring, and it reached from 0.08 to 0.43°C (10 years)-1. The increase in water temperature correlated strongly with rising air temperature. The temperature of river waters in the lowlands is believed to be a good indicator of climatic changes.
Editor M.C. Acreman Associate editor T. Okruszko 相似文献
996.
This paper presents the end Late Paleozoic tectonic stress field in the southern edge of Junggar Basin by interpreting stress-response structures(dykes,folds,faults with slickenside and conjugate joints).The direction of the maximum principal stress axes is interpreted to be NW—SE (about 325°),and the accommodated motion among plates is assigned as the driving force of this tectonic stress field.The average value of the stress index R’ is about 2.09,which indicates a variation from strike-slip to compressive tectonic stress regime in the study area during the end Late Paleozoic period.The reconstruction of the tectonic field in the southern edge of Junggar Basin provides insights into the tectonic deformation processes around the southern Junggar Basin and contributes to the further understanding of basin evolution and tectonic settings during the culmination of the Paleozoic. 相似文献
997.
998.
研究城市化的生态水文效应对于指导河流的保护与生态修复实践具有重要意义。基于河流径流情势在维持河道生态系统完整性方面的重要性,在分析现有生态水文指标体系的特征及可操作性的基础上,建立了以径流历时曲线、洪峰流量频率超出曲线和T0.5(区域径流超出天然状态下重现期为0.5年的降水所产生的洪峰流量的时间占区域有径流总时间的比例)为代表的生态水文指标体系。利用SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)来模拟不同城市化程度下的降雨径流过程,并利用所建立的生态水文指标体系模拟其生态水文效应。结果表明:城市化程度越高,其时段流量幅度及历时越大,洪峰流量及发生的频率越大,T0.5越小。城市化通过改变径流的大小、历时及频率,改变了水域生态系统完整性与多样性,进而对河道生态系统产生了负面影响。 相似文献
999.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):487-488
Book Reviewed in this article: Geographical Aspects of Health and Disease in India. Rais Akhtarand A.T.A. Learmonth, eds. Antarctic Treaty System: An Assessment. Proceedings of a Workshop at Beardmore South Field Camp, Antarctica. American Electoral Mosaics. J. Clark Archerand Fred M. Shelley. Kompas op Suidwes-Afrika/Namibie. W.S. Barnard, ed. Jerusalem in the 19th Century: The Old City. Yehoshua Ben-Arieh. The World as a Total System. Kenneth E. Boulding. A Social History of Housing 1815–1985, Second Ed. John Burnett. Human Migration. W.A.V. Clark. Regional Population Projection Models. Andrei Rogers. The State of Population Theory: Forward from Malthus. David Colemanand Roger Schofield, eds. Imagining Tomorrow: History, Technology and the American Future. Joseph C. Corn, ed. Swidden Agriculture in Indonesia: The Subsistence Strategies of the Kalimantan Kantú. Michael R. Dove. Glacial Geologic Processes. David Drewry. Physics of Desertification. Farouk El-Bazand M.H.A. Hassan, eds. Housing the Homeless. Jon Ericksonand Charles Wilhelm, eds. Settlement Patterns in Missouri: A Study of Population Origins, with a Wall Map. Russel L. Gerlach. Desert Development: Man and Technology in Sparselands. Yehuda Gradus, ed. Nuclear Winter. The Evidence and Risks. Owen Greene, Ian Percivaland Irene Ridge. The Take-off of Suburbia and the Crisis of the Central City. Günter Heinritzand Elisabeth Lichtenberger, eds. Regional Input-Output Analysis. Geoffrey J. D. Hewings. Spatial Transportation Modeling. Christian Werner. The Atlas of Georgia. Thomas W. Hodlerand Howard A. Schretter, eds. Latin America. 5th ed. Preston E. Jamesand C.W. Minkel. Applied Remote Sensing. C.P. Lo. Localities, Class, and Gender. The Lancaster Regionalism Group. Urban Social Movements: The City after Castells. Stuart Lowe. Politics and Method. Doreen Masseyand Richard Meegan, eds. Land Use. A. S. Mather. The Kingdom of Coal. Donald L. Millerand Richard E. Sharpless. The Presidio and Militia on the Northern Frontier of New Spain, A Documentary History, Vol. 1: 1570–1700. Thomas H. Naylorand Charles W. Polzer, S.J., comps. andeds. Nuclear Power: Siting and Safety. Stan Openshaw. The Central African Republic: The Continent's Hidden Heart. Thomas O'Toole. Environmental and Dynamic Geomorphology. Márton Pécsi, ed. Remote Sensing Principles and Interpretation. Floyd F. Sabins, Jr. Acid Rain and Friendly Neighbors: The Policy Dispute between Canada and the United States. Jurgen Schmandtand Hilliard Roderick, eds. Earth's Changing Surface: An Introduction to Geomorphology. M.J. Selby. International Migration: The Female Experience. Rita J. Simonand Caroline B. Brettell, eds. On Geography and Its History. D.R. Stoddart. Transportation Networks: A Quantitative Approach. D. Teodorovic. Processes in Physical Geography. R.D. Thompson, A.M. Mannion, C.W. Mitchell, M. Parry, J.R.G. Townshend. Imaging Radar for Resources Surveys. J.W. Trevett. Dominance and Affection: The Making of Pets. Yi-Fu Tuan. Capturing the Horizon. The Historical Geography of Transportation since the Transportation Revolution of the Sixteenth Century. James E. Vance, Jr. Nations at Risk: The Impact of the Computer Revolution. Edward Yourdon. 相似文献
1000.
The search for alternative urban development often confronts the despairing conclusion that political conditions in American cities foreclose any real possibilities of change. In this article we challenge that view. We argue that debates about alternative urban development in the U.S. overemphasize urban industrial transition as a process of rupture, whereby strong business-led political regimes displace an old economic order in favor of a new corporate-centered, FIRE-oriented, downtown development model. In contrast, we suggest many cities have experienced post-industrial neoliberalism in more muted fashion, characterized by a condition of political economic stasis, where old industries and political interests persist alongside new economic strategies and developments. A brief discussion of Akron, Ohio, Lexington, Kentucky, and Tacoma, Washington illustrates the dynamics at work in such cities. We argue that stasis and the weakness of the mainstream orthodoxy in some cities provide a context in which alternative economic development might be more viable. 相似文献